History

A certain Dr. Norman Kingsley was among the first orthodontists who used use extra oral force to correct protruding teeth. His emphasis of was really to correct facial proportions with the extraction of teeth. Art that tie, there were very few people who had a compete set of teeth. Nowadays, orthodontists use a not only extra oral forces to align teeth but also use surgery, growth modification extractions to accomplish three goals: (1) to create the best occlusal relationship, (2) to create acceptable facial esthetics, and (3) to create a stable occlusal result.